http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3392 page is up. Highlights include a fourth monthy Voyager-class encounter with Tethys with 500m resolution over Odysseus (finally!)
Detailed mosaics of Rhea's prominent ray crater and points west are on tap for Old Scabby's second closeup. This should be a really cool periapsis passage to tide us over until the 10th of September.
Darn it, I'm kind of disappointed. I was expecting to see another one of your neat icy moon collages here.
Onward to Iapetus!
(... oh well, Rhea, too *yawn* ... )
I should that our Rev49 preview does not include the Iapetus encounter. Basically, it was decided to split up Rev49 since too many cool things were going on for them all to be done justice. So this preview covers the encounters around periapse up through Sept. 5 or so. We will publish an extra special Looking Ahead article just for the Iapetus flyby.
ugordan, LOL, so I guess if Rhea put on some dark makeup on her leading hemisphere and wore some equatorial jewelry, it would be "Onward to Rhea!" hmph, I guess Rhea will just never be as cool as her oblate twin sister, Iapetus.
Ooooh...double burn!!!
I've been taking belly dancing classes..."Equatorial Jewelry" has multiple possible connotations and would be an excellent name for a band as well.
Really looking foreward to seeing that whole crater and how old it actually is. Judging from the single WAC frame from 2005 of that area, Rhea is a lot more interesting on small scales than she looks from afar.
Gordan, a Hyperion multi-angle composite should be up tomorrow.
Gosh.... I second the darn it!!!!!!!
As soon as I see Exploitcorporations, I jump!!!!!!
I had an old friend who was a belly dancer... she would have appreciated Equatorial Jewelry... and Iapetus.
Truly look forward to Hyperion as done up by Exploitcorporations.
Craig
Latest Looking Ahead update is now available:
http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3392
Features:
* Solar conjunction
* Stereo coverage of Tethys' Odysseus basin
* Targeted Rhea flyby focusing on its fresh impact crater
* T35 (3,302 km)
* Start of Iapetus encounter
I think this dutch proverb is very appropriate:
"Even if a monkey wears a golden ring, it is and remains an ugly thing"
I don't often actually laugh out loud at things I see on the Internet, but EC's characterization of Rhea as "Old Scabby" at the top of this thread did the job.
As for Rhea vs. Iapetus -- There's no doubt that currently-active bodies will always be most interesting, but, failing that, ancient activity trumps no activity at all. (Unless the absence of activity is interesting in itself, of course -- but while that might be the case for Mimas, it ain't so for Rhea.)
Hey.. let's not give poor Rhea a hard time. She can't help looking like the ultimate battered wife.
Actually, Rhea IS interesting, but in horrendously subtle ways. Even the Voyager 1 close pass mosaics showed subtle lineaments of crater edges and features that simply aren't due to lighting effects <lighting CAN cause spureous lineations to appear> Something's "interesting" about the way Rhea responds to battering. Something makes the whispy features visible on the trailing side, only partially revealed to be due to subtle dione/tethys like fracturing.
It's a shame Rhea, the largest of Saturn's iceballs, isn't something semi-spectacular like Aerial at Uranus, but that's the breaks!
Some raws from the Rhea encounter are now up (hopefully some of the Tethys stuff a little later )
http://ciclops.org/view_event.php?id=66
http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3705 shows the interior of the "young" ray crater. Not quite that young it would seem. [EDIT: not that isn't... but http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3713 is]
Huh. http://ciclops.org//view_media.php?id=17124 seems to show a lobate flow with striations near the top center...interesting! (Can't believe that I just used the word "interesting" with respect to Rhea, but that's what exploration is all about... )
EDIT: Whoa! Look at this http://ciclops.org//view_media.php?id=17126 with the dark spot! It actually looks young! Might have to drop the I-word & go with the F-word (fascinating!)
I'm confused, I don't see it.
Sorry for the confusion, you guys; let me try posting a clarification. If this works, I'm talking about the circled area, though the "dark spot" may be a semi-shadowed crater; the phase angle's pretty high:
Okay. Yeah, the light-toned substrate is the "albedo feature" I referred to, and here's that silly dark spot (which I'm now convinced is merely a shallow crater):
Some of the Rhea images are starting to show up on the JPL raw images page, including a beautiful WA set with Saturn in the background.
Nice! My quick'n'dirty versions of the first three sets...
Not just craters on Rhea:
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/casJPGFullS33/N00090796.jpg
Crater chain or tectonic feature ?
Marc.
I've been saying for many, many months that Rhea exhibits more crater chains than I've ever seen on any other body in the Solar System. It has led me to speculate, here in this very forum, as to whether these chains are controlled exogenically (i.e., actual impact crater chains) or endogenically (i.e., tectonic features/fractures).
Note that the feature you linked to has a very small accompanying feature to the right and below (as this image is oriented). That much smaller feature is parallel to the larger feature. To me, that argues for endogenic control of these features.
I think that the rather large population of such chain features makes Rhea a lot more interesting than most everyone else here thinks.
-the other Doug
Highest resolution observations of Odysseus impact basin on Tethys:
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/raw-images-details.cfm?feiImageID=124822
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/raw-images-details.cfm?feiImageID=124817
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/raw-images-details.cfm?feiImageID=124822 almost looks like it's got a rille or two in it, though I'm guessing it's just some fortuitous shadows.
Jason, I've seen this explained before but I keep forgetting the explanation. Can you explain the origin of the every-other-line truncation that appears in Cassini images that have lots of detail?
I love the sharp peaky shadows cast by the peak ring of Odysseus.
--Emily
A long and narrow crater chain (?) on Rhea:
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/raw-images-details.cfm?feiImageID=124693
Rhea sure has a lot of these features.
Are any of the commercial photo packages (like Adobe) able to interpolate and fill in the truncated lines? eg by averaging the surrounding pixels?
Here are the two Odysseus money-shots with the interlacing removed:
Getting back on the horse after it threw me, as it were...(and if I'm being a complete clown, please somebody tell me so!!!)
Nice indeed, Emily!
Anyone else struck by the fact that the NW rim of Oydessus is practically worn into the landscape to the degree that it's virtually indistinguishable from the surrounding terrain? Means it's very old of course, but why just here? Was the impact a sort of glancing blow (i.e., oblique?), or did some sort of internal activity erase this portion of the rim, as well as a small segment in the SE quadrant?
The crentral peak area of Oydessus is slightly reminiscent of King Carter on the moon.
A rough 8 frame Rhea mosaic:
http://paranoid.dechengst.nl/saturn/Rhea-08%20frames-30-AUG-2007.jpg (1.8 MB)
It doesn't look too great with all the noise and stuff but a least it gives an impression.
The floor of the "young" ray crater on Rhea is really interesting.
http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3713
Eastern part shows many small craters, but it seems that giant landslides completely covered the western floor where no craters are visible anymore. The ray crater seems indeed young and the landslides even younger.
The landslides or "snow flows" remind me a little bit what is happening on Jupiter's moon Callisto.
Both Rhea and Callisto are considered as the boring moons in their respective satellite system. I think it is really not the case.
Marc.
This WAC picture shows that the previously mentioned lobate flow was caused by an impact near the rim of the bigger crater (like on Callisto as I already mentioned).
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/casJPGFullS33/W00034593.jpg
Additional crater chains and other linear features are also visible.
Marc.
Would anyone here who's more familiar than I with the cratering rate at Saturn care to take a stab at estimating Big Ray's age?
The collective amount of insight & expertise on this forum is so massive that it's damn hard to keep track of who said & did what sometimes...apologies, oDoug & UG!
Regardless, Rhea's linear features are indeed fascinating. I can't recall the precise image now, but one of the recent set showed a manifest crater chain that had a relatively large, very pronounced teardrop-shaped terminal "crater"...hard to see that this could be anything less than the result of a hybrid of exo/endogenic original processes, with probability tilted towards the latter.
Maybe I just haven't been paying close enough attention, but it seems to me the crater chain/linear features all tend to be awfully narrow. I haven't noticed any really obvious crater chains like the ones that are all over Callisto. Assuming I have been paying close enough attention, this would incline me toward an endogenic origin. (And for what it's worth, dvandorn - I remember!)
I've been casually looking through past Tethys images and there are similar linear features at a similar scale present there. They are, as you say, too narrow to be impact chains, but they do have that string-of-pearls appearance to them. Confusing...
Yes, there are some "chain" features on Tethys as well, but it's not as striking as on Rhea, and it always seemed to me that the ones on Tethys were near and generally radial to the big basin.
I also noticed some chain-like features in the only close-up images we have of Iapetus, but again, they're not as ubiquitous as the ones on Rhea. I haven't noticed the same thing at all on Dione or the older portions of Enceladus.
-the other Doug
A quick 11 frame crescent Rhea:
http://paranoid.dechengst.nl/saturn/Rhea-11%20frames-29-AUG-2007.jpg (1.5 MB)
Wow! Nice work.
I can't imagine what that terrain must look like from the surface - a global badlands of immense vertical scale.
Wow indeed! I always loved the crescent images and that mosaic is just incredible.
Badlands is apt. Place looks like a setting for some sky-fi about space smugglers or such.
What you need is to deinterlace.
For this image:
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/casJPGFullS33/N00090982.jpg
Filter > Video > De-Interlace > Even Fields and Interpolation.
Not perfect, but it does the job.
Doug
Ideally, if the missing lines were all totally black, you could expand the canvas size to the right by say 1 pixel using black color and magic-wand the entire right side and select all the missing lines in one go. Since jpeg messes this up, you can increase the tolerance somewhat to compensate.
I don't know if it's me, but sometimes the deinterlace filter needs to be set to odd lines instead, could depend on the selection or something.
OK, I've now done a side-by-side comparison of three methods of removing the every-other-line truncation: de-interlacing, taking the maximum of two layers, and my laborious method described above. De-interlacing seems to do the best job of the three because of the interpolation step. And you can even get away with applying it to the whole image (which effectively throws out half of the image's original pixels, replacing them with pixels interpolated between the remaining pixels) without very much loss of detail, even for these Rhea-crescent pictures, which are full of detail. It's better to select the area with the truncated lines and just apply the filter to that, but if you want to do a quick-and-dirty job the quality doesn't suffer much if you batch process a whole folder's worth of pictures.
The three strips below were produced from N00090982.jpg, with the Maximum, De-Interlace, and my methods applied to the corner that had the truncated lines.
Hi all,
I've been working in IDL so I wrote a procedure to find how much of the line is black (or near black beyond a threshold), then take the average of the two surrounding lines. This is similar to one of Emily's methods I think.
I'll post it at this URL if you'd like to sort through the logic...
http://laps.noaa.gov/albers/idl/clean_ortho.txt
A good input threshold to use I find is around 27.
Very sneaky, Steve! Wish I had IDL. I know it's possible to http://www.ittvis.com/idlvm/Developer.asp (.sav files) that can be run with IDL Virtual Machine...don't suppose you'd want to give that a try...
--Emily
Interesting as I'm a novice with the IDL virtual machine. I tried making a .sav file if anyone would like to test it, assuming it can be downloaded for that purpose from my site:
http://laps.noaa.gov/albers/idl/clean_ortho.sav
Thanks for the attempt! It didn't work; I got an error:
Great explanation of how a mosaic is made and how Cassini images are compressed on your blog. One little suggestion. I select only the area that contains truncated lines to deinterlace. That way, the resolution isn't needlessly impacted for the rest of the image.
My trick - select the area containing truncated lines. Do a select color range to get the almost or all black pixels. Move the selection area (not the pixels, just the selection) up one line so it's over the good lines. Copy and paste, and move down over the bad lines. Then repeat, moving the selection down a line, copying and pasting and moving it up a line.
Now I have three layers. Original with black lines, and over the black lines, one copy of the line above, one copy of the line below. The top one I make 50% transparent so the "line fill" is an average of the line above and the line below. Flatten and serve with a glass of red wine.
Phil
Another way is to use a boxfilter to null the pixels affected by the truncation. Then use low pass filter with a box size of samp=1, line=3 to have each nulled pixel be an average of the good pixels above and below it...
Wow, great Rhea mosaic there, Emily!
Crater Chains:
Ive noticed there are a lot of these long linear features as well on Tethys, Rhea, and Iapetus, and yes even Dione. Ive started doing some fits to them and most do line up as radials to big basins, tho not always the biggest one such as Odysseus. Smaller basins and craters produce such secondary impact chains. We see something similar associated 100-km size craters on Callisto. It is when they fail to line up that they get interesting. that is why the big chains on Callisto must be tidally split comets, since there are no basins they can be linked to. ill have more to say on all this later but am currently working on the paper so have to focus on that. i note that the theory of disruption predicts that there will be no split comets at Saturn, due to its very low density.....
cheers,
paul
i have to admit im short in the theory department. im only interested if they land someplace!
this all goes back to shoemaker-levy 9 days, now almost 15 years ago. breakup requires passage within about 1.5 jupiter radii of the surface of the planet, and something similar for saturn, except the density plays in somehow. the articles by asphaug, benz and others back in the mid-1990s tell all, otherwise start with the Schenk paper in Icarus in 1996 which includes such references. i dont have a copy with me at the moment, alas!
cheers,
paul
If anyone is still interesting in looking at Rhea the closeup images that were mangled have been replaced by much improved versions.
Did someone try to make the Saturn-shine mosaic of Rhea ?
Marc.
Alan - glad to see the raw image improvements. I had sent in an email to the link on raw images page on Sept 2 about the raw images stretching issue. I received a nice reply on Sept 10 saying they were about to fix the stretching and would retroactively reprocess the S33 images. This was caused in June as an inadvertant side effect of stretching improvements they were implementing.
They thanked me for "catching" this. I wonder how many others had reported it to them (either internally or externally).
You also have to wonder whether or not the whole fiasco was indeed a simple error. After all, we know that many people on the Cassini imaging team have been less than happy about feeling "forced" to release real-time images.
I'm not a big fan of paranoid speculation, truly... but I can just see a few specific people snickering to themselves and gloating, "Just let those &^%#@! UMSFer's try and scoop us to our pretty processed images with THIS stuff!"
-the other Doug
I don't believe the conspiratorial stuff for a second I'm afraid. I know the head of Cassini outreach personally, and she wouldn't take that sort of nonsense - believe me.
The UMSF admin team (Well, Bjorn and Emily) asked about it and it got fixed shortly thereafter.
Doug
Oh, trust me, I don't seriously believe there was anything like that going on. Just that some peoples' public statements on the general subject could lead the conspiracy-minded to that kind of conclusion.
The lesson, I guess, is that when you go on record as having a given minority view, and you could possibly have some influence on future events surrounding related issues, you have to be more careful than normal to avoid even the appearance of wrongdoing...
But, as I said, I'm not seriously suggesting anyone actually messed up the raws in order to make then unusable by amateurs. Just that the appearance of wrongdoing is invited, and could be pursued by the conspiracy-minded, because some people have aired such views. Actually, on the larger conspiracy front, I'm a little surprised that the Hoaxland crowd never jumped on the image quality issues by screaming "What are they trying to hide?????!!!!!"
-the other Doug
Hoglanights don't need a image problems/sever issues to find artifacts/alien buildings.
Entertaining at the most but that's where the line is drawn.
I can get a good laugh with his "Theory's"
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