Europa Flyby - PJ45, September 29, 2022 Options

[Decepticon]

Juno is set to flyby of Europa on Sept. 29, 2022 (PJ45)

I can't wait to see the results of this flyby!


Sadly not much information is available online.


Jason Has a beautiful animation of encounter on youtube.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9bx1GcoqEE...nel=volcanopele

[mcaplinger]

Junocam will take four RGB images on one-minute intervals starting at around terminator crossing (roughly 09:37:30 UT), using the same method used for the Ganymede imaging last year. I'm not sure when we can expect the data to show up, hopefully before that weekend but no guarantees.

[volcanopele]

Thanks for that bit of info! In the morning I’ll make a set of preview images. I made one that I posted on Twitter but I think that was for the opportunity after the one you mentioned.

[StargazeInWonder]

It seems, from the blurry quality of the base map in the upper right of the preview image, that there's reason to expect that this image may be an upgrade on the best coverage we have of that part of Europa. That would be great.

[mcaplinger]

It seems, from the blurry quality of the base map in the upper right of the preview image, that there's reason to expect that this image may be an upgrade on the best coverage we have of that part of Europa.

Probably. USGS coverage maps claim 6 km/pix over that area and we should get 2-4 km/pix. But we've found that the coverage maps are often optimistic about resolution, as some of it is motion-blurred or otherwise not great. On the other hand, it's a fast flyby and I don't want to overpromise anything.

[vjkane]

Probably. USGS coverage maps claim 6 m/pix over that area and we should get 2-4 km/pix. But we've found that the coverage maps are often optimistic about resolution, as some of it is motion-blurred or otherwise not great. On the other hand, it's a fast flyby and I don't want to overpromise anything.

6 m/pix is several order of magnitude better than 2-4 cm/pix. Is the first number or scale misstated?

[mcaplinger]

6 m/pix is several order of magnitude better than 2-4 cm/pix. Is the first number or scale misstated?

Sorry, yes, obviously, I meant km/pix. Edited.

[vjkane]

Sorry, yes, obviously, I meant km/pix. Edited.

Do that all the time myself.

Looking forward to this flyby. Will be especially interested in what the microwave radiometer finds about the ice shell structure, but expect that will have to await publication of a peer-reviewed paper unlike the raw images.

Out of curiousity, I presume that the microwave radiometer is a passive instrument - is this correct?

[mcaplinger]

Out of curiousity, I presume that the microwave radiometer is a passive instrument - is this correct?

Correct. Strictly speaking, there's no such thing as an active radiometer. Anything that has active and radiometer in the name is probably some kind of hybrid radar/radiometer, but MWR is not that, it's receive-only.

https://dataverse.jpl.nasa.gov/file.xhtml?f...amp;version=1.0 is sort of old, but the full Springer paper is paywalled, alas.

[StargazeInWonder]

Some write-ups of Juno's microwave radiometer observations of Ganymede have recently been published, about a year after the flyby, and should give a rough idea of what capabilities it has regarding Europa.

https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU...GU22-10748.html

[volcanopele]

I'm not sure when we can expect the data to show up, hopefully before that weekend but no guarantees.

One thing to keep in mind for everyone is that Artemis is playing havoc on the DSN schedule for a lot of missions. The first launch opportunity is on the 27th and if that is a go and succeeds, there be might some impact on the schedule for later that week. So if images show up later than everyone expects compared to previous perijoves, that could be why.

[StargazeInWonder]

DART will reach its destination on September 26. It's going to be a big week.

[volcanopele]

Going with Mike's first image time, here are preview versions of each JunoCAM image:

[vjkane]

Correct. Strictly speaking, there's no such thing as an active radiometer. Anything that has active and radiometer in the name is probably some kind of hybrid radar/radiometer, but MWR is not that, it's receive-only.

Thanks. The depths of measurements in Europa's ice shell from a presentation about a year ago made me wonder if the instrument did have an additional active mode.

[mcaplinger]

Going with Mike's first image time, here are preview versions of each JunoCAM image...

Nice, but my sims show Europa not leaving the FOV so quickly. Are you using a C kernel like juno_sc_prl_220928_221105_jm0450a_v01? There's a 4.5 degree offset from grav orientation for this pass.

[volcanopele]

I updated my kernels earlier this week to prep for this week’s PDS release (not expecting JIRAM Io data, but there could be some distant ones) and for the Europa encounter. so yeah, that’s the kernel I’m using (along with the latest Predict trajectory file) to estimate the viewing geometry. I’m using Cosmographia to get a predicted central image time centered at Europa then I feed that time to a python script that spits out the center lat/Lon, subsolar lat/Lon, altitude, JIRAM pixel scale, and JunoCAM pixel scale.

Central image times were 09:37:49, 09:38:49, 09:39:49, and 09:40:48.

[djellison]

One thing to keep in mind for everyone is that Artemis is playing havoc on the DSN schedule for a lot of missions.

Seriously - much kudos to DSN schedulers across every mission out there - between the Artemis requirements and the blunderbuss of CubeSats it's deploying - the impact to the DSN is like nothing I've ever seen.

[volcanopele]

And I just so happen to be planning the images on TWO Mars cameras for that week… yeah.

[volcanopele]

Back to Europa, I finally uploaded a preview video for the Europa encounter:

https://youtu.be/XZ040wMRSUA

Here is a ground track map for the encounter:

[Decepticon]

https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-juno-wi...icy-moon-europa

[Brian Swift]

Noticed DSN has been chatting with Juno most of today. I wonder if that is typical 2 days before encounter.

[mcaplinger]

Noticed DSN has been chatting with Juno most of today. I wonder if that is typical 2 days before encounter.

Since the Europa flyby is a gravity assist for period reduction, there is probably more interest in radiometric tracking than there would be for a normal PJ. Though I can't say that this is atypical, I haven't looked before.

[mcaplinger]

Europa images on missionjuno.

[Brian Swift]

Europa images on missionjuno.

My Preliminary processing of PJ45_01. (51% chance it's upside down).

[volcanopele]

Processing them now. I also have HiRISE commanding to do today. so this... this is going to be a long day...

[volcanopele]

Knocking on all the wood here but I should have a controlled mosaic in the next hour.

[Bjorn Jonsson]

This is a very early and preliminary version of the first image. North is up.

[mcaplinger]

My Preliminary processing of PJ45_01. (51% chance it's upside down).

Looks right to me.

[Bjorn Jonsson]

There seem to be far smaller errors in the spacecraft's position from the SPK predict kernel than there were for the Ganymede flyby. There I had to make large corrections but early indications are that I need to make only minor corrections here (it's even possible that I do not need to make any corrections to the spacecraft's position).

[Brian Swift]

There was enough Jupiter-shine to bring the signal from night side up a little bit over noise levels.


Mike, since this is image number 01, I assume there isn't a higher TDI image of the night side.

[mcaplinger]

Mike, since this is image number 01, I assume there isn't a higher TDI image of the night side.

No, we didn't think that would be workable within all of the other constraints.

[ugordan]

Europa images on missionjuno.

That was way faster than I expected, wow

There was enough Jupiter-shine to bring the signal from night side up a little bit over noise levels.

This brings a tear of joy to my eye, amazing work, Brian!

The PSF on that reminded me of the good ol'e days of Cassini which is high praise for JunoCam. Superb work by all involved, it was a long time coming and it was executed flawlessly as far as I can I gather.

[volcanopele]

Controlled version of image 1

[ugordan]

Wow! For an Io loyalist, you sure can produce a heck of an Europa image product

[volcanopele]

I have to make sure my pipeline is ready for next year. and it is.

I may be having an issue with the ice shell not staying in place...

[Brian Swift]

One more of PJ45_01 with some brightness and saturation boost.

[ugordan]

I may be having an issue with the ice shell not staying in place...

Hey... no ice, no problem

[Phil Stooke]

Great images here, and it looks like real detail could be pulled out of the night side in that first image. Maybe with the HORUS software being used now with LROC images of shaded areas.

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi...29/2022GL099530

Phil

[Kevin Gill]

My first processing of PJ45-01. Man, did JunoCam do it's job well!


[url=https://flic.kr/p/2nPShxD]Europa - PJ45-1[/url

[Decepticon]

Does anyone suspect any surface changes?

[antipode]

Fantastic relief details near the terminator!

There seem to be two large but shallow north-south trending but broad 'troughs'

roughly midway through the illuminated half of the disk.

Are these real, or just imaging artifacts?

P

[mcaplinger]

Does anyone suspect any surface changes?

It's going to be really hard to find anything like because the existing Voyager/Galileo coverage is mostly at much different sun angles. I'm sure people will be looking hard in the weeks to come, though.

[john_s]

They're real- Paul Schenk has called them "crop circles", and they tend to follow small (not great) circles. Very interesting and odd features. They're visible on the Galileo mosaic.

Congratulations to the Juno team!
John

[mcaplinger]

There seem to be two large but shallow north-south trending but broad 'troughs'...
Are these real, or just imaging artifacts?

Those are real. See https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/search/map/Eu...bal_mosaic_500m

One of them might be Eightercua Fossa?

[volcanopele]

ehhh, there might some hints at Jupiter shine, but ehhh, it isn't much:

One of them might be Eightercua Fossa?

Yeah, Eightercua. I spent way too long last week learning how to pronounce that...

[Phil Stooke]

"There seem to be two large but shallow north-south trending but broad 'troughs' roughly midway through the illuminated half of the disk"

These are real and part of a family of similar features on Europa which form interesting patterns.

https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2005/pdf/2081.pdf

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi...29/2020GL088364


Phil

[Kevin Gill]

Composite view using PJ45-2/3/4, projected to the perspective of PJ45-4


Europa - PJ45-2/3/4 - Composite

[ZLD]

ehhh, there might some hints at Jupiter shine, but ehhh, it isn't much:

Using the image Brian had posted, you can definitely identify some continuing features.

[scalbers]

A rough idea comparing Kevin's composite to a prior Galileo/Voyager map that combines Bjorn's mapping and a USGS map.

[neo56]

My take on one of those fantastic Europa pictures.

[Brian Swift]

Has a blue atmosphere on Europa been imaged by Galileo (or any other observation)?
(I'm haven't convinced myself yet, that it is real. But the uniformity across multiple framelets
prevents me from immediately dismissing it as a processing artifact.)


The full resolution PNG for PJ45_01 from which this is cropped is at https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing?id=13834

[brellis]

A rough idea comparing Kevin's composite to a prior Galileo map that combines Bjorn's mapping and a USGS map.

Answering a few of my amateur space fan questions, thanks!!

[volcanopele]

Now that I got the geometry how I want (and Bjorn is right, correcting the geometry was MUCH easier this time around compared to Ganymede), starting working on the photometry.

[Bill Harris]

Fantastic relief details near the terminator!

There seem to be two large but shallow north-south trending but broad 'troughs'

roughly midway through the illuminated half of the disk.

Are these real, or just imaging artifacts?

P

They are likely real.
There is third short trough, overprinted to the North, between those two and the terminator. And on the terminator, a line of lineations. I'm thinking that these are old tectonic features, softened and broadened with age.

My guess.

--Bill

[Kevin Gill]

I would attribute that more to chromatic aberration. Europa doesn't have an appreciable atmosphere that I'm aware of.

Has a blue atmosphere on Europa been imaged by Galileo (or any other observation)?
(I'm haven't convinced myself yet, that it is real. But the uniformity across multiple framelets
prevents me from immediately dismissing it as a processing artifact.)


The full resolution PNG for PJ45_01 from which this is cropped is at https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing?id=13834

[Bill Harris]

I would attribute that more to chromatic aberration. Europa doesn't have an appreciable atmosphere that I'm aware of.

Chromatic aberration? Would a rotating pushbroom be prone to that? We don't see a red-fringe on the opposite night terminator side of the assembled image. Have we seen blue (red) fringes before?

[john_s]

99.9% chance that it's an artifact, due to misregistration of some kind. Certainly nothing real like that has ever been seen on Europa, and the atmosphere is much too thin to show up in visible light.

John

[mcaplinger]

Chromatic aberration? Would a rotating pushbroom be prone to that? We don't see a red-fringe on the opposite night terminator side of the assembled image. Have we seen blue (red) fringes before?

FWIW, Junocam is not a pushbroom. There certainly shouldn't be any significant chromatic aberration, but there are plenty of ways for different color framelets to get misregistered, and that's probably more likely the farther you go from the optic axis.

So I agree with John.

[Bjorn Jonsson]

This is image PJ45_2:



The color is probably more accurate than the color in the 'quick and dirty' PJ45_1 image I posted yesterday. North is up.

I have also seen small amounts of blue at Europa's limb but it is only present at maybe 10-20% of the limb (very rough guess). It's definitely not a real feature, the 'atmosphere' of Europa is far too thin to be visible, especially when the phase angle isn't very high. There are lots of ways for the color channels to get slightly misaligned as Mike pointed out.

[volcanopele]

Here are photometrically corrected versions of the other three images:

[Bjorn Jonsson]

Images PJ45_3 and 4:

[Bill Harris]

FWIW, Junocam is not a pushbroom. There certainly shouldn't be any significant chromatic aberration, but there are plenty of ways for different color framelets to get misregistered, and that's probably more likely the farther you go from the optic axis.

So I agree with John.

It is indeed a type of pushbroom.
At any rate, it ain't chromatic aberration, which is purely optical.

"In addition to visible light filters, it also has a near infrared filter to help detect clouds; a methane filter in addition the visible color filters. The camera is a 'push-broom' type imager, generating an image as the spacecraft turns moving the sensor in sweeping motion over the observation area.[10]"

[Brian Swift]

Low Res PJ45 Jupiter Images overview exaggerated color/contrast.

(Edited)Full resolution version at https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing?id=13963

[scalbers]

Here's an approximate remapping of Bjorn's PJ45_2 image (in grayscale) blinking with the earlier map.

[StargazeInWonder]

Nice work, scalbers!

It seems that maybe because Juno was so close to Europa that projecting the imagery as though the distance were infinity creates some significant distortion near the limb.

It's very nice how the coverage here happened to fill an area where existing coverage was particularly lacking, particularly in the north.

At a glance, it looks like the new imagery reveals some dark linea in the north that didn't exist before, but a less sensational explanation would be that the linea vary in visibility as a function of viewing geometry and that previous imagery was simply incapable of observing them. But I'm sure we'll hear an expert review soon.

The other thing that would be interesting to learn from this is if the slippage of Europa's icy shell over ~25 years is large enough to be detectible. The details near the terminator are extremely sensitive to the exact rotation between now and any points in the past. We know that the slippage occurs, and maybe 25 years is enough to give us the first direct measurement of it.

[scalbers]

Thanks StargazeinWonder - I was assuming a projection distance from 4 Europa radii. This can be adjusted now that I found the actual geometry on the Juno website. Indeed the illumination geometry and contrast are different, some adjustment of things may be possible along with adding some color info.

[djellison]

At any rate....

You just cited a wikipedia page...which in turn is wrongly using a citation which is a paper on which Mike is a co-author.

https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/pub/e/down...each_Camera.pdf

No where will you find the phrase pushbroom in that paper.

Because JunoCam - as Mike VERY correctly points out ( as he is - after all - the JunoCam systems engineer ) is NOT a pushbroom camera.

It is a pushFRAME camera which is very different.

It's probably best to trust the paper itself ( and one of its coauthors you were arguing with ) rather than a Wikipedia page editor who wrongly cited it.

[scalbers]

A 4K version of the earlier Europa blinking comparison, with more accurate mapping:

https://stevealbers.net/albers/sos/jupiter/...uropa_blink.gif

UPDATE: PJ45_4 now added.

[StargazeInWonder]

That's a much better fit, scalbers! I'm sure that it took a lot of work. Also, it does a lot to resolve the question of "new" linea in the north. Because the existing imagery came from more than one (usually, in any area: one or two) different illuminations, we can see clearly that in some cases, the same linea appears dark in some earlier imagery, and light in others, then dark in the Juno imagery. I guess this is because of the interaction between some locally extreme topography and albedo, with a raised linea appearing lighter than (or the same brightness as) the background terrain when viewed fore-lit from the side, but darker than the background terrain when viewed from basically any other angle. Ultimately, we're not going to have a seamless map of Europa until we have every part of the surface viewed from approximately the same geometry… but until then, this work is great!

[Bjorn Jonsson]

That's a much better fit, scalbers! I'm sure that it took a lot of work. Also, it does a lot to resolve the question of "new" linea in the north. Because the existing imagery came from more than one (usually, in any area: one or two) different illuminations, we can see clearly that in some cases, the same linea appears dark in some earlier imagery, and light in others, then dark in the Juno imagery. I guess this is because of the interaction between some locally extreme topography and albedo, with a raised linea appearing lighter than (or the same brightness as) the background terrain when viewed fore-lit from the side, but darker than the background terrain when viewed from basically any other angle. Ultimately, we're not going to have a seamless map of Europa until we have every part of the surface viewed from approximately the same geometry… but until then, this work is great!

The relative contrast and brightness of various features on Europa is known to vary a lot depending on viewing geometry, even when the illumination geometry doesn't change much. Here is a particularly interesting example I posted somewhere years ago, a map-projected blink comparison of Galileo G1 and E14 images:



The image with overall lower contrast was obtained during Galileo's G1 orbit and the other one during Galileo's E14 orbit. These two images were obtained when the illumination geometry was very similar but the viewing geometry was not. The viewing geometry can be seen below:

[StargazeInWonder]

What a perfect illustration, Bjorn. The topography of the ridges is visible and makes clear why the appearance depends so much on the geometry.

[scalbers]

Here's a color blinking 2K sized comparison:



Links for 4K comparison and 4K map.

The "map" version has some optimization of where the Juno vs Galileo / Voyager imagery is being used.

[ZLD]

Here's a color blinking 2K sized comparison:

Great comparison. Now, when do we get to argue over which has the more correct color?

[Daniele_bianchin...]

I image that never haven't an fantastic high resolution image like 12/m pixel Conamara Chaos from Galileo SSI?

https://planetary.s3.amazonaws.com/web/asse...haos_schenk.jpg

Attached thumbnail(s)

 

[Bill Harris]

You just cited a wikipedia page...which in turn is wrongly using a citation which is a paper on which Mike is a co-author.

https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/pub/e/down...each_Camera.pdf

No where will you find the phrase pushbroom in that paper.

Because JunoCam - as Mike VERY correctly points out ( as he is - after all - the JunoCam systems engineer ) is NOT a pushbroom camera.

It is a pushFRAME camera which is very different.

It's probably best to trust the paper itself ( and one of its coauthors you were arguing with ) rather than a Wikipedia page editor who wrongly cited it.

I called it a "pushbroom type" of camera, as did Wiki, referring to the general type of sensor on a rotating spacecraft. So, pushbroom, pushframe, whatever. No arguement intended, I learned there were different types of that type of system.
"At any rate", I was questioning whether the blue fringe was chromatic abberation. Correctly, it appears to be misregistration of the color channels.

[scalbers]

ZLD - the color info is essentially coming from Bjorn's processing (actually a very early map of his), though I've been manipulating the contrast. He has a much better map from 2015 that I could try for comparison. There are areas where the color varies for example in the western hemisphere. Some color variation seems apparent within the area of the Juno images as well.

Daniele - thanks for the neat hi-res image/map from Paul Schenk.

[volcanopele]

Found a place to put the product I produced (there are subtle differences from what I posted earlier as I worked to improve the control point network(s):

https://flic.kr/s/aHBqjA9D8g

Found a much better way of tying these images together in ISIS. First I created control point networks for each observation separately using Autoseed then I registered each point using pointreg. This control point network scheme is similar to what we do with CaSSIS, which makes sense given that both are similar push-frame cameras. so I have four separate control networks for the four images. I then used cnetmerge to combine the two. It was important to make sure that the points in each network have different names, so when they were generated by autoseed, the points have the observation name as a prefix, much like CaSSIS. I then used qnet to interactively tie together the four networks by finding common points between them. The perspective shift and the pointing offsets made it a lot less messy to just do this by hand. This also gave me a chance to fix some points to a Voyager/Galileo basemap. The biggest limitation to this process was the fact that the basemap isn’t perfect and there are clearly offsets between the higher resolution images in the mosaic and the lower resolution background image in the region from Galileo G2/C9. This is something that the JunoCAM observations will be able to remedy to have a better product for Europa Clipper planning.

[MarcF]

These JUNO images are fantastic, especially since they cover parts of Europa not well seen by Voyager and Galileo at good resolution. It gives also nice context to some late Galileo mosaics, especially from orbits I25 and E26. The I25 mosaic has been used to fill a gap in most maps, but I have never seen the E26FLOWS01 mosaic used in any map, probably because the poor resolution of the background impaired to locate it precisely. This is now possible thanks to JUNO. There is somewhere another pic extending E26FLOWS to the North-East, but I could not find it. I copied the Galileo mosaics from: https://rgcps.asu.edu/Galileo/ (from ASU), one of the rare site where Galileo pics can still be found (at least by me). One disappointment is that the new images do not help to definitively solve the question of the nature of Midir, a probable big impact scare.
These are some personal thoughts.
Thanks to all of you who processed these images. It is a real pleasure to go through them.
Take care and stay healthy.
Best regards,
Marc.

[MarcF]

And here is the image taken by the JUNO Stellar Reference Unit (SRU):

https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-juno-ge...ers-moon-europa

Best regards,
Marc.

[volcanopele]

adjusting my JIRAM backplane script now to work with SRU images...

[Bjorn Jonsson]

This is a mosaic of all four JunoCam images rendered from Juno's location when image PJ45_4 was obtained. The image is enlarged by a factor of 2 relative to the size of image PJ45_4. North is up.

[Tom Tamlyn]

Emily Lakdawalla has been tweeting from the Division for Planetary Sciences meeting in London, Ontario.

https://twitter.com/elakdawalla/status/1578455575905546241

Emily Lakdawalla
@elakdawalla

A super fast flyby through the Europa flyby of Juno by Scott Bolton is my last #DPS2022 talk. SO MUCH DATA WOW. Europa folks will be chewing on this for years.

Juno Ganymede flyby Science paper has been submitted, and lots of other papers will follow. As neat as the images are, the other kinds of data — microwave radio penetrating ice, plasma waves and other in situ instruments picking up clues to subsurface ocean — are Juno’s forte.

This post has been edited by Tom Tamlyn: Oct 7 2022, 08:56 PM

[Tom Tamlyn]

Incidentally, in case you're wondering, Scott Bolton's talk, part of today's "Fire and Ice: Europa and Aurorae" session, does not have a posted abstract.

H/T to member marsbug for instructions on how to search the meeting schedule.

http://www.unmannedspaceflight.com/index.p...st&p=258754

[Brian Swift]

Approachable explanation of estimation of Europa ocean/ice-crust found in UCSC lecture slides titled:
EART162: PLANETARY INTERIORS

[Bjorn Jonsson]

This is an animation of the Europa flyby. It shows the true speed of the flyby, i.e. it's not been speeded up as these animations usually are:
https://vimeo.com/762819526

The latter half of the above animation is very slow. In this version the speed of everything has been increased by a factor of 3:
https://vimeo.com/762820642

[Julius]

When are radar studies from Europa flyby expected?

[StargazeInWonder]

Papers about Juno's microwave observations of Ganymede came out 6 and 9 months after the observations were made, so perhaps that timeframe will be similar for Europa.

[vjkane]

Papers about Juno's microwave observations of Ganymede came out 6 and 9 months after the observations were made, so perhaps that timeframe will be similar for Europa.

Early Juno Europa results will be presented at the AGU conference in December. I expect to be there and will try to do a summary.

[kymani76]

This is a mosaic of all four JunoCam images rendered from Juno's location when image PJ45_4 was obtained. The image is enlarged by a factor of 2 relative to the size of image PJ45_4. North is up.

This image actually substantially improves the map coverage along longitude 35°E (325°W in IAU terms).

[antipode]

Very interesting open access paper in JGR Planets regarding the J45 Europa flyby
as seen by the Stellar Reference Unit in Jupitershine:

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi...29/2023JE008105

P

[Antdoghalo]

Anyone have a full res color map of the flyby? I would like to try and add it and the SRU image to Schenk's 46K map found here: https://repository.hou.usra.edu/handle/20.500.11753/1412

[kymani76]

I took the liberty to convert Björn's excellent image above into a map.
As was mentioned before, it is a bit of a struggle since the USGS base map is not precise enough.
Based on 16 control points.

[kymani76]

Map version. central longitude is 180.

[Brian Swift]

Anyone have a full res color map of the flyby? I would like to try and add it and the SRU image to Schenk's 46K map found here: https://repository.hou.usra.edu/handle/20.500.11753/1412

My on-hiaitus-WIP versions of Europa EQR mosaics are now on missionjuno at:
https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing?id=15917
https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing?id=15918
https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing?id=15919
https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing?id=15920

And a mosaic of pre-Juno images - https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing?id=15931

[volcanopele]

JunoCam paper about the Europa images is out! Congrats to Bjorn on the co-authorship!

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/ad24f4

[Candy Hansen]

Also thank you to Brian! We used one of your missionjuno contributions as a figure.

[StargazeInWonder]

Great, informative paper!

I'm curious – was there any ability to use this data to put helpful bounds on the real rate of rotation and/or detect a discrepancy between the rate of the ice shell's rotation vs. that implied by tidal locking? I guess that the lack of mention is an implied negative, or it is subsumed in the discussion about no surface changes being detected.

[Candy Hansen]

Great, informative paper!

I'm curious – was there any ability to use this data to put helpful bounds on the real rate of rotation and/or detect a discrepancy between the rate of the ice shell's rotation vs. that implied by tidal locking? I guess that the lack of mention is an implied negative, or it is subsumed in the discussion about no surface changes being detected.

No, we didn't have high enough resolution or coverage. We did take a cursory look but didn't see anything dramatic.