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Unmanned Spaceflight.com _ Cassini's ongoing mission and raw images _ 29-30 August 2007 Icy Satellites (rev 49)

Posted by: Exploitcorporations Aug 9 2007, 10:40 PM

http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3392 page is up. Highlights include a fourth monthy Voyager-class encounter with Tethys with 500m resolution over Odysseus (finally!)
Detailed mosaics of Rhea's prominent ray crater and points west are on tap for Old Scabby's second closeup. This should be a really cool periapsis passage to tide us over until the 10th of September.

Posted by: ugordan Aug 9 2007, 10:47 PM

Darn it, I'm kind of disappointed. I was expecting to see another one of your neat icy moon collages here. biggrin.gif

Onward to Iapetus!

(... oh well, Rhea, too *yawn* ... )

Posted by: volcanopele Aug 9 2007, 11:03 PM

I should that our Rev49 preview does not include the Iapetus encounter. Basically, it was decided to split up Rev49 since too many cool things were going on for them all to be done justice. So this preview covers the encounters around periapse up through Sept. 5 or so. We will publish an extra special Looking Ahead article just for the Iapetus flyby.

ugordan, LOL, so I guess if Rhea put on some dark makeup on her leading hemisphere and wore some equatorial jewelry, it would be "Onward to Rhea!" hmph, I guess Rhea will just never be as cool as her oblate twin sister, Iapetus.

Posted by: Exploitcorporations Aug 9 2007, 11:40 PM

Ooooh...double burn!!! laugh.gif

I've been taking belly dancing classes..."Equatorial Jewelry" has multiple possible connotations and would be an excellent name for a band as well.

Really looking foreward to seeing that whole crater and how old it actually is. Judging from the single WAC frame from 2005 of that area, Rhea is a lot more interesting on small scales than she looks from afar.

Gordan, a Hyperion multi-angle composite should be up tomorrow. smile.gif

Posted by: belleraphon1 Aug 10 2007, 12:38 AM

Gosh.... I second the darn it!!!!!!!

As soon as I see Exploitcorporations, I jump!!!!!! biggrin.gif

I had an old friend who was a belly dancer... she would have appreciated Equatorial Jewelry... and Iapetus. smile.gif

Truly look forward to Hyperion as done up by Exploitcorporations.

Craig

Posted by: Del Palmer Aug 10 2007, 03:16 AM

Latest Looking Ahead update is now available:

http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3392

Features:

* Solar conjunction
* Stereo coverage of Tethys' Odysseus basin
* Targeted Rhea flyby focusing on its fresh impact crater
* T35 (3,302 km)
* Start of Iapetus encounter

Posted by: ugordan Aug 10 2007, 10:52 AM

QUOTE (volcanopele @ Aug 10 2007, 12:03 AM) *
ugordan, LOL, so I guess if Rhea put on some dark makeup on her leading hemisphere and wore some equatorial jewelry, it would be "Onward to Rhea!" hmph, I guess Rhea will just never be as cool as her oblate twin sister, Iapetus.
As a matter of fact, yes.

We know they're both geologically as dead as the Monty Python parrot is, but at least Iapetus wears "makeup" and sports a strange figure. Rhea is just plain... dull. Oh, that and we already got a sh*tload of close Rhea images. Last time we flew close to Iapetus, we found unexpected stuff. What interesting bit have we found at Rhea yet?

Nothing to see here people, move along...

Posted by: OWW Aug 10 2007, 01:09 PM

I think this dutch proverb is very appropriate:

"Even if a monkey wears a golden ring, it is and remains an ugly thing"

Posted by: Rob Pinnegar Aug 10 2007, 01:40 PM

I don't often actually laugh out loud at things I see on the Internet, but EC's characterization of Rhea as "Old Scabby" at the top of this thread did the job.

As for Rhea vs. Iapetus -- There's no doubt that currently-active bodies will always be most interesting, but, failing that, ancient activity trumps no activity at all. (Unless the absence of activity is interesting in itself, of course -- but while that might be the case for Mimas, it ain't so for Rhea.)

Posted by: edstrick Aug 11 2007, 06:30 AM

Hey.. let's not give poor Rhea a hard time. She can't help looking like the ultimate battered wife.

Actually, Rhea IS interesting, but in horrendously subtle ways. Even the Voyager 1 close pass mosaics showed subtle lineaments of crater edges and features that simply aren't due to lighting effects <lighting CAN cause spureous lineations to appear> Something's "interesting" about the way Rhea responds to battering. Something makes the whispy features visible on the trailing side, only partially revealed to be due to subtle dione/tethys like fracturing.

It's a shame Rhea, the largest of Saturn's iceballs, isn't something semi-spectacular like Aerial at Uranus, but that's the breaks!

Posted by: volcanopele Aug 31 2007, 05:22 PM

Some raws from the Rhea encounter are now up (hopefully some of the Tethys stuff a little later biggrin.gif )
http://ciclops.org/view_event.php?id=66

http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3705 shows the interior of the "young" ray crater. Not quite that young it would seem. [EDIT: not that isn't... but http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3713 is]

Posted by: nprev Aug 31 2007, 05:44 PM

Huh. http://ciclops.org//view_media.php?id=17124 seems to show a lobate flow with striations near the top center...interesting! (Can't believe that I just used the word "interesting" with respect to Rhea, but that's what exploration is all about... smile.gif )

EDIT: Whoa! Look at this http://ciclops.org//view_media.php?id=17126 with the dark spot! It actually looks young! Might have to drop the I-word & go with the F-word (fascinating!)

Posted by: volcanopele Aug 31 2007, 06:03 PM

I'm confused, I don't see it.

Posted by: AlexBlackwell Aug 31 2007, 06:23 PM

QUOTE (volcanopele @ Aug 31 2007, 08:03 AM) *
I'm confused, I don't see it.

Neither do I.

Posted by: ugordan Aug 31 2007, 06:24 PM

QUOTE (volcanopele @ Aug 31 2007, 06:22 PM) *
Not quite that young it would seem.
To the untrained (and low-phase-confused) eye, that would appear to be pretty young terrain. It looks almost as young as some of Enceladus' surface.

I think nprev's talking about the small double crater at top center, in the brightest portion of the image. It's got a darker floor which I'd personally attribute to shading instead of albedo difference.

Posted by: nprev Aug 31 2007, 06:48 PM

Sorry for the confusion, you guys; let me try posting a clarification. If this works, I'm talking about the circled area, though the "dark spot" may be a semi-shadowed crater; the phase angle's pretty high:


Posted by: AlexBlackwell Aug 31 2007, 06:54 PM

QUOTE (nprev @ Aug 31 2007, 08:48 AM) *
Sorry for the confusion, you guys; let me try posting a clarification. If this works, I'm talking about the circled area, though the "dark spot" may be a semi-shadowed crater; the phase angle's pretty high:

Maybe if you drew an arrow to the features, that would help. All I see are craters. And more craters.

What is interesting, at least to me, is the lighter-toned substrate exposed by impact gardening and/or downslope movement on crater walls. We've see this on other satellites.

Posted by: nprev Aug 31 2007, 07:18 PM

Okay. Yeah, the light-toned substrate is the "albedo feature" I referred to, and here's that silly dark spot (which I'm now convinced is merely a shallow crater):




Sorry for the tempest in a teapot...(we need an embarrassment emoticon, here...) sad.gif

Posted by: Bjorn Jonsson Aug 31 2007, 10:05 PM

Some of the Rhea images are starting to show up on the JPL raw images page, including a beautiful WA set with Saturn in the background.

Posted by: elakdawalla Aug 31 2007, 10:57 PM

Nice! My quick'n'dirty versions of the first three sets...



--Emily

Posted by: MarcF Sep 1 2007, 12:22 AM

Not just craters on Rhea:

http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/casJPGFullS33/N00090796.jpg

Crater chain or tectonic feature ?


Marc.

Posted by: dvandorn Sep 1 2007, 12:48 AM

I've been saying for many, many months that Rhea exhibits more crater chains than I've ever seen on any other body in the Solar System. It has led me to speculate, here in this very forum, as to whether these chains are controlled exogenically (i.e., actual impact crater chains) or endogenically (i.e., tectonic features/fractures).

Note that the feature you linked to has a very small accompanying feature to the right and below (as this image is oriented). That much smaller feature is parallel to the larger feature. To me, that argues for endogenic control of these features.

I think that the rather large population of such chain features makes Rhea a lot more interesting than most everyone else here thinks.

-the other Doug

Posted by: volcanopele Sep 1 2007, 12:54 AM

Highest resolution observations of Odysseus impact basin on Tethys:

http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/raw-images-details.cfm?feiImageID=124822
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/raw-images-details.cfm?feiImageID=124817

Posted by: Gsnorgathon Sep 1 2007, 01:17 AM

http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/raw-images-details.cfm?feiImageID=124822 almost looks like it's got a rille or two in it, though I'm guessing it's just some fortuitous shadows.

Posted by: elakdawalla Sep 1 2007, 02:00 AM

Jason, I've seen this explained before but I keep forgetting the explanation. Can you explain the origin of the every-other-line truncation that appears in Cassini images that have lots of detail?

I love the sharp peaky shadows cast by the peak ring of Odysseus.

--Emily

Posted by: Bjorn Jonsson Sep 1 2007, 02:09 AM

A long and narrow crater chain (?) on Rhea:

http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/raw-images-details.cfm?feiImageID=124693

Rhea sure has a lot of these features.

Posted by: Big_Gazza Sep 1 2007, 03:24 AM

Are any of the commercial photo packages (like Adobe) able to interpolate and fill in the truncated lines? eg by averaging the surrounding pixels?

Posted by: Ian R Sep 1 2007, 03:29 AM

Here are the two Odysseus money-shots with the interlacing removed:





Ian.

Posted by: Ian R Sep 1 2007, 03:30 AM

QUOTE (elakdawalla @ Aug 31 2007, 11:57 PM) *
Nice! My quick'n'dirty versions of the first three sets...


Awesome composites, Emily! cool.gif

Posted by: nprev Sep 1 2007, 04:56 AM

Getting back on the horse after it threw me, as it were...(and if I'm being a complete clown, please somebody tell me so!!!)

Nice indeed, Emily! smile.gif

Anyone else struck by the fact that the NW rim of Oydessus is practically worn into the landscape to the degree that it's virtually indistinguishable from the surrounding terrain? Means it's very old of course, but why just here? Was the impact a sort of glancing blow (i.e., oblique?), or did some sort of internal activity erase this portion of the rim, as well as a small segment in the SE quadrant?

Posted by: Steve G Sep 1 2007, 05:08 AM

The crentral peak area of Oydessus is slightly reminiscent of King Carter on the moon.

Posted by: ugordan Sep 1 2007, 08:49 AM

QUOTE (elakdawalla @ Sep 1 2007, 03:00 AM) *
Jason, I've seen this explained before but I keep forgetting the explanation. Can you explain the origin of the every-other-line truncation that appears in Cassini images that have lots of detail?

The truncation comes from the "LOSSLESS" compression scheme (obviously a bit of a misnomer since it can and does lose spatial information). The algorithm operates on line pairs and guarantees a compression ratio of at least 2. It's a variant of a http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding and if it figures out that the two lines it's currently encoding will turn out to be compressed more poorly than 2.0 ratio, it just stops and truncates the rest of the second line. In an absolute worst case scenario the second line could be completely truncated if the first line turned out to expand rather than shrink, which could happen since the algorithm uses fixed statistical encoding tables, they are not optimized for each frame.

I believe Voyagers also used something similar. Not sure if Galileo originally had it as well. It's a rather dumb and unflexible encoding scheme, but is computationally inexpensive so it's often used. The fixed 2.0 limit is probably due to ease of data policing on the onboard encoder - with LOSSLESS encoding you can guarantee that the frame will be at most half the original size so you can allocate space for each frame accordingly and not worry about losing the whole lower part of a frame in case your encoded frame turned out bigger than you predicted.

Here's another one for the photoalbum:

Posted by: DEChengst Sep 1 2007, 11:15 AM

A rough 8 frame Rhea mosaic:

http://paranoid.dechengst.nl/saturn/Rhea-08%20frames-30-AUG-2007.jpg (1.8 MB)

It doesn't look too great with all the noise and stuff but a least it gives an impression.

Posted by: MarcF Sep 1 2007, 11:24 AM

The floor of the "young" ray crater on Rhea is really interesting.

http://ciclops.org/view.php?id=3713

Eastern part shows many small craters, but it seems that giant landslides completely covered the western floor where no craters are visible anymore. The ray crater seems indeed young and the landslides even younger.

The landslides or "snow flows" remind me a little bit what is happening on Jupiter's moon Callisto.
Both Rhea and Callisto are considered as the boring moons in their respective satellite system. I think it is really not the case.
Marc.

Posted by: MarcF Sep 1 2007, 12:27 PM

This WAC picture shows that the previously mentioned lobate flow was caused by an impact near the rim of the bigger crater (like on Callisto as I already mentioned).

http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/casJPGFullS33/W00034593.jpg

Additional crater chains and other linear features are also visible.

Marc.

Posted by: nprev Sep 1 2007, 03:21 PM

QUOTE (MarcF @ Sep 1 2007, 04:24 AM) *
Both Rhea and Callisto are considered as the boring moons in their respective satellite system. I think it is really not the case.


Yeah...I think you're right, Marc. Rhea may look bland globally, but these close-ups are revealing an amazing amount of complexity at smaller scales. The sheer number of linear features is really remarkable, as UGordan observed. Beginning to wonder how many of the features that look like crater chains might actually be collapsed "cryolava tubes" dating back to Rhea's boisterious youth...

Posted by: ugordan Sep 1 2007, 03:54 PM

QUOTE (DEChengst @ Sep 1 2007, 12:15 PM) *
A rough 8 frame Rhea mosaic:
It doesn't look too great with all the noise and stuff but a least it gives an impression.

Great mosaic stitchwork, DEChengst! Did you use any special software for this?
As for the noise, this showcases why histogram stretching for JPEG raws is basically a must for low contrast targets.

Posted by: DEChengst Sep 1 2007, 04:41 PM

QUOTE (ugordan @ Sep 1 2007, 05:54 PM) *
Did you use any special software for this?


Not really. Just used Photoshop to interpolate the missing lines (deinterlace filter), levels correction and cropping off the white borders. Stitching was done with PTGUI and Smartblend. The stitching is pretty much automatic with just some manual tinkering with the parameters.

QUOTE
As for the noise, this showcases why histogram stretching for JPEG raws is basically a must for low contrast targets.


Yep. The raw images look pretty bland. This is pretty evident in the filesize. They're only 40-60 KB a piece, while normally you expect something like 100-250 KB. I guess I'll have to wait for the PDS release as I lack the Photoshop skills to fix this.

Posted by: Gsnorgathon Sep 1 2007, 04:44 PM

Would anyone here who's more familiar than I with the cratering rate at Saturn care to take a stab at estimating Big Ray's age?

Posted by: dvandorn Sep 1 2007, 06:56 PM

QUOTE (nprev @ Sep 1 2007, 10:21 AM) *
The sheer number of linear features is really remarkable, as UGordan observed.

See, now, I'm beginning to wonder if I'm a ghost and no one sees my posts except for me, LOL... I have been trying to get a discussion going about the linear features and "crater chains" on Rhea for something like a year and a half, if not longer, and not a single person has ever responded to my comments. Now it's ugordan who's noticed these things?

I remember taking images of Rhea and using my primitive image-processing skills and tools to outline the large chains, and then pointing out how these same structures seem to persist all the way down to the smallest visible scales. If I remember right, this was some time in early 2006. I've revisited the topic pretty much every time we get more decent Rhea images. Am I actually going mad and remembering things I never did?

That said... smile.gif ...I am very, very interested in whether these features are endogenic or exogenic. If endogenic, Rhea becomes an extremely interesting little moon. Even if exogenic, you have to explain how so many crater chains, of all sizes and varieties, show up on this moon while they show up only much more rarely on the other moons of Saturn.

-the other Doug

Posted by: ugordan Sep 1 2007, 07:03 PM

QUOTE (dvandorn @ Sep 1 2007, 07:56 PM) *
Now it's ugordan who's noticed these things?

Ummm... I think both of you have the wrong guy here. I noticed what? The linear features? I'm most certainly not the first one to point them out. I'm not sure when exactly I mentioned them without someone else pointing them out earlier... And I'm most certainly not claiming credit to discovering them.

That being said, yes, I took some notice of them in higher res shots. There are too many of them and appear to be too narrow to be a simple impact chain, IMHO. I'd go with an endogenic origin of some sort. At least for some of them. Then again, I'm not a geologist.

Posted by: nprev Sep 1 2007, 07:19 PM

The collective amount of insight & expertise on this forum is so massive that it's damn hard to keep track of who said & did what sometimes...apologies, oDoug & UG! smile.gif

Regardless, Rhea's linear features are indeed fascinating. I can't recall the precise image now, but one of the recent set showed a manifest crater chain that had a relatively large, very pronounced teardrop-shaped terminal "crater"...hard to see that this could be anything less than the result of a hybrid of exo/endogenic original processes, with probability tilted towards the latter.

Posted by: JRehling Sep 1 2007, 09:20 PM

QUOTE (Big_Gazza @ Aug 31 2007, 08:24 PM) *
Are any of the commercial photo packages (like Adobe) able to interpolate and fill in the truncated lines? eg by averaging the surrounding pixels?


It works pretty well to copy the area, paste it as a new layer, then nudge it one pixel up or down and select a filter that shows the max of the two layers' brightnesses. Basically, close the even numbered lines onto the odd ones.

Posted by: Gsnorgathon Sep 1 2007, 11:17 PM

Maybe I just haven't been paying close enough attention, but it seems to me the crater chain/linear features all tend to be awfully narrow. I haven't noticed any really obvious crater chains like the ones that are all over Callisto. Assuming I have been paying close enough attention, this would incline me toward an endogenic origin. (And for what it's worth, dvandorn - I remember!)

Posted by: ugordan Sep 1 2007, 11:19 PM

I've been casually looking through past Tethys images and there are similar linear features at a similar scale present there. They are, as you say, too narrow to be impact chains, but they do have that string-of-pearls appearance to them. Confusing...

Posted by: dvandorn Sep 2 2007, 12:52 AM

Yes, there are some "chain" features on Tethys as well, but it's not as striking as on Rhea, and it always seemed to me that the ones on Tethys were near and generally radial to the big basin.

I also noticed some chain-like features in the only close-up images we have of Iapetus, but again, they're not as ubiquitous as the ones on Rhea. I haven't noticed the same thing at all on Dione or the older portions of Enceladus.

-the other Doug

Posted by: DEChengst Sep 2 2007, 01:59 PM

A quick 11 frame crescent Rhea:

http://paranoid.dechengst.nl/saturn/Rhea-11%20frames-29-AUG-2007.jpg (1.5 MB)

Posted by: ElkGroveDan Sep 2 2007, 03:14 PM

Wow! Nice work.

I can't imagine what that terrain must look like from the surface - a global badlands of immense vertical scale.

Posted by: Adam Sep 2 2007, 05:39 PM

Wow indeed! I always loved the crescent images and that mosaic is just incredible.

Posted by: mchan Sep 4 2007, 08:01 AM

Badlands is apt. Place looks like a setting for some sky-fi about space smugglers or such. smile.gif

Posted by: elakdawalla Sep 4 2007, 05:26 PM

QUOTE (JRehling @ Sep 1 2007, 02:20 PM) *
It works pretty well to copy the area, paste it as a new layer, then nudge it one pixel up or down and select a filter that shows the max of the two layers' brightnesses. Basically, close the even numbered lines onto the odd ones.

Which Photoshop filter does this? I've looked around and I can't find an obvious one.

My trick for this has been to take a mask that I've made with alternating black and white lines, paste it onto the image, erase away the part of the mask that I don't need (covering the part of the image that is not affected by the truncated lines, then use the wand set to no antialiasing and non-contiguous pixels to select the lines from the mask that cover up the black pixels in the underlying image, then go to the underlying image, shift the selection by one pixel up or down to get to the good pixels, copy and paste.

Using a filter that takes the maximum pixel value would be much much easier than this!!

--Emily

Posted by: djellison Sep 4 2007, 05:32 PM

What you need is to deinterlace.

For this image:
http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/raw/casJPGFullS33/N00090982.jpg

Filter > Video > De-Interlace > Even Fields and Interpolation.

Not perfect, but it does the job.

Doug

Posted by: ugordan Sep 4 2007, 05:36 PM

Ideally, if the missing lines were all totally black, you could expand the canvas size to the right by say 1 pixel using black color and magic-wand the entire right side and select all the missing lines in one go. Since jpeg messes this up, you can increase the tolerance somewhat to compensate.
I don't know if it's me, but sometimes the deinterlace filter needs to be set to odd lines instead, could depend on the selection or something.

Posted by: JRehling Sep 4 2007, 05:38 PM

QUOTE (elakdawalla @ Sep 4 2007, 10:26 AM) *
Which Photoshop filter does this? I've looked around and I can't find an obvious one.

My trick for this has been to take a mask that I've made with alternating black and white lines, paste it onto the image, erase away the part of the mask that I don't need (covering the part of the image that is not affected by the truncated lines, then use the wand set to no antialiasing and non-contiguous pixels to select the lines from the mask that cover up the black pixels in the underlying image, then go to the underlying image, shift the selection by one pixel up or down to get to the good pixels, copy and paste.

Using a filter that takes the maximum pixel value would be much much easier than this!!

--Emily


It's not a filter per se -- I just create a second layer and paste it on top of the original layer. Then under the layers menu, you have many options for which logical rules apply pixelwise to the layers, and one of them is Maximum/Brightest.

That's a whole wonderful side of Photoshop, playing with layers, logical rules, and transparency. The other thing it's useful for is colorizing high-res BW images with a low-res color layer.

I'm away from the computer on which I have Photoshop installed, so if this description seems unhelpful, let me know and I'll repost while running Photoshop.

Posted by: elakdawalla Sep 4 2007, 06:22 PM

OK, I've now done a side-by-side comparison of three methods of removing the every-other-line truncation: de-interlacing, taking the maximum of two layers, and my laborious method described above. De-interlacing seems to do the best job of the three because of the interpolation step. And you can even get away with applying it to the whole image (which effectively throws out half of the image's original pixels, replacing them with pixels interpolated between the remaining pixels) without very much loss of detail, even for these Rhea-crescent pictures, which are full of detail. It's better to select the area with the truncated lines and just apply the filter to that, but if you want to do a quick-and-dirty job the quality doesn't suffer much if you batch process a whole folder's worth of pictures.

The three strips below were produced from N00090982.jpg, with the Maximum, De-Interlace, and my methods applied to the corner that had the truncated lines.



--Emily

Posted by: scalbers Sep 4 2007, 07:46 PM

Hi all,

I've been working in IDL so I wrote a procedure to find how much of the line is black (or near black beyond a threshold), then take the average of the two surrounding lines. This is similar to one of Emily's methods I think.
I'll post it at this URL if you'd like to sort through the logic...

http://laps.noaa.gov/albers/idl/clean_ortho.txt

A good input threshold to use I find is around 27.

Posted by: elakdawalla Sep 4 2007, 08:12 PM

Very sneaky, Steve! Wish I had IDL. I know it's possible to http://www.ittvis.com/idlvm/Developer.asp (.sav files) that can be run with IDL Virtual Machine...don't suppose you'd want to give that a try... rolleyes.gif

--Emily

Posted by: scalbers Sep 4 2007, 09:44 PM

Interesting as I'm a novice with the IDL virtual machine. I tried making a .sav file if anyone would like to test it, assuming it can be downloaded for that purpose from my site:

http://laps.noaa.gov/albers/idl/clean_ortho.sav

Posted by: elakdawalla Sep 4 2007, 10:07 PM

Thanks for the attempt! It didn't work; I got an error:

QUOTE
The following error was encountered; Attempt to call undefined procedure/function: 'CLEAN_ORTHO'. Please consult the supplier of the application.
Oh well! It was worth a try, but I suppose there's no need to get fancy; De-Interlace works just fine for my purposes.

--Emily

Posted by: tedstryk Sep 5 2007, 12:49 AM

Great explanation of how a mosaic is made and how Cassini images are compressed on your blog. One little suggestion. I select only the area that contains truncated lines to deinterlace. That way, the resolution isn't needlessly impacted for the rest of the image.

Posted by: Phil Stooke Sep 5 2007, 12:57 AM

My trick - select the area containing truncated lines. Do a select color range to get the almost or all black pixels. Move the selection area (not the pixels, just the selection) up one line so it's over the good lines. Copy and paste, and move down over the bad lines. Then repeat, moving the selection down a line, copying and pasting and moving it up a line.

Now I have three layers. Original with black lines, and over the black lines, one copy of the line above, one copy of the line below. The top one I make 50% transparent so the "line fill" is an average of the line above and the line below. Flatten and serve with a glass of red wine.

Phil

Posted by: volcanopele Sep 5 2007, 02:23 AM

Another way is to use a boxfilter to null the pixels affected by the truncation. Then use low pass filter with a box size of samp=1, line=3 to have each nulled pixel be an average of the good pixels above and below it...

Posted by: ugordan Sep 5 2007, 07:36 AM

Wow, great Rhea mosaic there, Emily!

Posted by: DrShank Sep 15 2007, 03:13 PM

Crater Chains:
Ive noticed there are a lot of these long linear features as well on Tethys, Rhea, and Iapetus, and yes even Dione. Ive started doing some fits to them and most do line up as radials to big basins, tho not always the biggest one such as Odysseus. Smaller basins and craters produce such secondary impact chains. We see something similar associated 100-km size craters on Callisto. It is when they fail to line up that they get interesting. that is why the big chains on Callisto must be tidally split comets, since there are no basins they can be linked to. ill have more to say on all this later but am currently working on the paper so have to focus on that. i note that the theory of disruption predicts that there will be no split comets at Saturn, due to its very low density.....
cheers,
paul

Posted by: ugordan Sep 15 2007, 03:18 PM

QUOTE (DrShank @ Sep 15 2007, 04:13 PM) *
i note that the theory of disruption predicts that there will be no split comets at Saturn, due to its very low density.....

I'd like to know more about this. Does Jupiter break up comets in the vicinity of its "surface" or much farther out? If the former's the case I can understand how Saturn's density plays in, but if the latter - does a less dense object behave differently than a dense one (given same mass) at great distance, i.e. do they both not act as point gravity sources?

Posted by: ngunn Sep 15 2007, 04:46 PM

QUOTE (DrShank @ Sep 15 2007, 04:13 PM) *
Crater Chains:
i note that the theory of disruption predicts that there will be no split comets at Saturn, due to its very low density.....


How about a plunge through the rings, especially at a low angle? Could that not disrupt a comet?

Ugordan you're right about planets acting more or less as point masses, so I guess the theory Dr Shank mentions envisages Jupiter's disruptions happening pretty close in. The most uncertain parameter in any such theory must be the cohesive strengths of the comets. I wouldn't be surprised if there is a huge spread, and you might only need a few atypical ones at long intervals to produce the observed alignments on the moons. Therefore I'm a bit wary of the prediction quoted, even without the rings issue.

Interesting. I look forward to reading that paper - maybe here???

Posted by: DrShank Sep 15 2007, 06:44 PM

i have to admit im short in the theory department. im only interested if they land someplace!
this all goes back to shoemaker-levy 9 days, now almost 15 years ago. breakup requires passage within about 1.5 jupiter radii of the surface of the planet, and something similar for saturn, except the density plays in somehow. the articles by asphaug, benz and others back in the mid-1990s tell all, otherwise start with the Schenk paper in Icarus in 1996 which includes such references. i dont have a copy with me at the moment, alas!
cheers,
paul

Posted by: alan Sep 15 2007, 07:43 PM

If anyone is still interesting in looking at Rhea the closeup images that were mangled have been replaced by much improved versions.


Posted by: MarcF Sep 15 2007, 08:07 PM

Did someone try to make the Saturn-shine mosaic of Rhea ?
Marc.

Posted by: ngunn Sep 15 2007, 08:52 PM

QUOTE (DrShank @ Sep 15 2007, 07:44 PM) *
i have to admit im short in the theory department. im only interested if they land someplace!


Well, I'm sure this is obvious to you but for others who may be interested I'll just expand on the point I made in my last post.

Any comet which is going to collide with one of Saturn's inner moons after being disrupted at Saturn has to have been orbiting pretty close to the ring plane in the first place. That particular subset of comets is precisely the one with the biggest chance of a lengthy and damaging encounter with the rings. Saturn's low density means that its surface is further out than the radius at which the gradient of it's gravitational field is deemed sufficient to disrupt a comet (based on certain assumptions about the material strength of comets). I suggest that an encounter with the rings presents a viable alternative mechanism whereby a comet in the right kind of orbit could be disrupted and then form a crater chain, streak or whatever on an icy moon.

In fact it could well be that for the special case of comets orbiting in their respective planet's equatorial plane Saturn (plus rings) is better at disrupting them than Jupiter.

Posted by: stevesliva Sep 15 2007, 09:25 PM

QUOTE (alan @ Sep 15 2007, 03:43 PM) *
If anyone is still interesting in looking at Rhea the closeup images that were mangled have been replaced by much improved versions.


Unless you consider those phase angles that make the concave look convex to be "mangled." unsure.gif This may motivate me to actually download some photos to invert them.

Posted by: scalbers Sep 16 2007, 10:18 PM

Alan - glad to see the raw image improvements. I had sent in an email to the link on raw images page on Sept 2 about the raw images stretching issue. I received a nice reply on Sept 10 saying they were about to fix the stretching and would retroactively reprocess the S33 images. This was caused in June as an inadvertant side effect of stretching improvements they were implementing.

They thanked me for "catching" this. I wonder how many others had reported it to them (either internally or externally).

Posted by: dvandorn Sep 17 2007, 04:24 PM

You also have to wonder whether or not the whole fiasco was indeed a simple error. After all, we know that many people on the Cassini imaging team have been less than happy about feeling "forced" to release real-time images.

I'm not a big fan of paranoid speculation, truly... but I can just see a few specific people snickering to themselves and gloating, "Just let those &^%#@! UMSFer's try and scoop us to our pretty processed images with THIS stuff!"

rolleyes.gif

-the other Doug

Posted by: djellison Sep 17 2007, 04:36 PM

I don't believe the conspiratorial stuff for a second I'm afraid. I know the head of Cassini outreach personally, and she wouldn't take that sort of nonsense - believe me.

The UMSF admin team (Well, Bjorn and Emily) asked about it and it got fixed shortly thereafter.

Doug

Posted by: dvandorn Sep 17 2007, 05:09 PM

Oh, trust me, I don't seriously believe there was anything like that going on. Just that some peoples' public statements on the general subject could lead the conspiracy-minded to that kind of conclusion.

The lesson, I guess, is that when you go on record as having a given minority view, and you could possibly have some influence on future events surrounding related issues, you have to be more careful than normal to avoid even the appearance of wrongdoing... unsure.gif

But, as I said, I'm not seriously suggesting anyone actually messed up the raws in order to make then unusable by amateurs. Just that the appearance of wrongdoing is invited, and could be pursued by the conspiracy-minded, because some people have aired such views. Actually, on the larger conspiracy front, I'm a little surprised that the Hoaxland crowd never jumped on the image quality issues by screaming "What are they trying to hide?????!!!!!"

-the other Doug

Posted by: ugordan Sep 17 2007, 05:40 PM

QUOTE (dvandorn @ Sep 17 2007, 06:09 PM) *
Actually, on the larger conspiracy front, I'm a little surprised that the Hoaxland crowd never jumped on the image quality issues by screaming "What are they trying to hide?????!!!!!"

You're giving them too much credit. You think they're capable of noticing such a mundane thing over all the alien artifacts and technology and satellites visible as tiny specks in each frame?

Posted by: Decepticon Sep 17 2007, 09:46 PM

Hoglanights don't need a image problems/sever issues to find artifacts/alien buildings.


Entertaining at the most but that's where the line is drawn.

I can get a good laugh with his "Theory's"

Posted by: scalbers May 17 2008, 03:54 PM

QUOTE (scalbers @ Sep 4 2007, 07:46 PM) *
Hi all,

I've been working in IDL so I wrote a procedure to find how much of the line is black (or near black beyond a threshold), then take the average of the two surrounding lines. This is similar to one of Emily's methods I think.
I'll post it at this URL if you'd like to sort through the logic...

http://laps.noaa.gov/albers/idl/clean_ortho.txt

A good input threshold to use I find is around 27.


Updating this post about de-interlacing Cassini images, I can suggest trying to use the freeware software GDL to see if it is a viable alternative to the pricier IDL license.

http://gnudatalanguage.sourceforge.net/

Steve

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