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Nasa Picks "juno" As Next New Frontiers Mission
Guest_BruceMoomaw_*
post Jun 1 2005, 10:10 PM
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http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2005/jun/H...rontiers_2.html

Yeah, I know it ain't Saturn, but we don't seem to have any proper slot for Jovian news -- including yesterday's totally unexpected announcement that Amalthea's density is so low as to suggest that it's a highly porous ice object; maybe a captured Kuiper Belt Object reduced to rubble by infalling meteoroids. As Jason Perry says, this might explain those previously mysterious light-colored patches on Amalthea -- they may be its underlying ice, exposed by impacts that punched through the layer of sulfur spray-painted onto it by Io.

Scott Bolton has been pretty talkative to me already about the design of Juno. It certainly won't be as good in the PR department as Galileo or Cassini, but it DOES carry a camera -- as much for PR as for Jovian cloud science, according to Bolton. And since the latitude of periapsis of its highly elliptical orbit will change radically during the primary mission, I wonder if they might be able to set up at least one close photographic flyby of Io and/or Amalthea? (I believe, by the way, that this selection is a bit ahead of schedule -- and it certainly indicates that NASA's science program under Griffin won't be a complete slave to Bush's Moon-Mars initiative.)
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Guest_BruceMoomaw_*
post Jun 5 2005, 06:23 AM
Post #2





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[quote=tedstryk,Jun 4 2005, 12:27 PM]
I don't think getting to Europa is the biggest hurdle to overcome. I think one of most difficult challenges will be to get there without contaminating the moon with terrestrial organisms. I don't think that it is possible to completely sterilize a spacecraft and allow it to impact the moon. Enough fuel would have to be brought to allow it to leave the orbit of Europa when the mission is over and de-orbit into Jupiter the same way that Galileo did.

My apologies for getting OT.
*

[/quote]

I don't think the crashing of Galileo to "protect" Europa was worth it. I am extremely skeptical of the idea that the place might have life, and I think NASA's hyping of the idea distracts from the truly interesting aspects of Europa and the Jovian system.
*

[/quote]

That possibility ain't "hyping": the science community itself has taken the idea extremely seriously for a couple of decades. Europa, after all, has lots of liquid water -- something which Mars has in tremendously more limited amounts.

And there's another factor, which I haven't seen mentioned in print although the scientists I've mentioned it to seem to agree: even if we find proof of present or fossil Martian life, we may have hell's own time proving that it didn't just descend from ancient Earth germs blasted to Mars via meteorites from Earth during the Solar System's earliest days (or, for that matter, vice versa). On the other hand, if we find Europan life, the odds will be overwhelming that it's native -- which means, since two worlds in a single Solar System will have separately developed life, that we'll know life must be common in the Universe as a whole, rather than being just an extremely rare chance development that happened to make one of its rare appearances in our own Solar System. For this reason, I have for years regarded the search for Europan life as MORE important scientifically than the search for Martian life.

As for the danger of contaminating Europa: the science community takes that very seriously, too. See the 2000 report by the National Academy of Sciences ( http://www7.nationalacademies.org/ssb/europamenu.html ) -- which points out that, since Europa has a unified liquid-water ocean, terrestrial microbes could spread all over that world far more quickly than terrestrial microbes could if they got loose on Mars. Proper sterilization of Europa spacecraft is extremely important, even given the fact that Jupiter's savage radiation environment will give us a lot of help in that regard.

That being said, providing Europa Orbiter with enough fuel to break back out of Europa orbit is simply impractical -- it will be hard to carry enough even to put it into Europa orbit in the first place. This is a difficult mission. We will, instead, just have to make sure it's properly sterilized (as we'll have to do in any case with all Europa landers).
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dvandorn
post Jun 5 2005, 09:30 AM
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The other real difference between potential Martian and Europan life is that Martian life, if it exists today, is likely to be very, very simple -- bacteria at best. Whereas if Europa has developed life, there are fewer reasons to believe that it would *have* to be very simple. With an aquatic environment and enough heat from within the moon's rocky core, Europan life has no greater obvious evolutionary limits than Earth's sea life does.

As much as finding fossilized bacteria, or even live bacteria, on Mars would prove a point and be interesting in and of itself, it wouldn't give us a whole lot of data on how life might develop outside of Earth's influence. Multi-cellular organisms (or their equivalent) in Europa's oceans would demonstrate how life might be able to organize itself in different ways to those we see on Earth. For example, would genetic encoding be DNA-based? Or has Europan life found different ways to organize, evolve and propogate?

I think the most boring thing we could possibly find on Europa would be -- fish. Regular old fish, with scales and gills and DNA and everything. But it would sure hint at some common ancestor to life on both worlds, wouldn't it?

My bets are on truly alien life forms swimming in Europa's oceans, whether they look like fish or not.

-the other Doug


--------------------
“The trouble ain't that there is too many fools, but that the lightning ain't distributed right.” -Mark Twain
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Posts in this topic
- BruceMoomaw   Nasa Picks "juno" As Next New Frontiers Mission   Jun 1 2005, 10:10 PM
- - tedstryk   Great to hear. With the whole lunar program being...   Jun 1 2005, 10:44 PM
- - djellison   I take it this puts to bed the possibility of an N...   Jun 1 2005, 10:45 PM
- - Sunspot   Any proposals on what kind of camera?   Jun 1 2005, 11:39 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   No website yet, and I have no details on what kind...   Jun 1 2005, 11:51 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Postscript: the mission selection actually was pla...   Jun 1 2005, 11:51 PM
- - Sunspot   They can't return to Jupiter without taking a ...   Jun 1 2005, 11:57 PM
- - edstrick   Atmosphere sounding instruments can also return ve...   Jun 2 2005, 06:49 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   Well, I can give you the full instrument list (alt...   Jun 2 2005, 10:37 AM
|- - garybeau   I would have thought / hoped the next Jovian missi...   Jun 2 2005, 12:39 PM
|- - tty   QUOTE (garybeau @ Jun 2 2005, 02:39 PM)I woul...   Jun 2 2005, 04:40 PM
|- - volcanopele   QUOTE (garybeau @ Jun 2 2005, 05:39 AM)I woul...   Jun 2 2005, 05:51 PM
|- - JRehling   QUOTE (garybeau @ Jun 2 2005, 05:39 AM)I woul...   Jun 6 2005, 03:26 PM
|- - tedstryk   I think the six-flybys analogy is a good one (seve...   Jun 6 2005, 05:02 PM
|- - Bjorn Jonsson   I vaguely remember reading somewhere that Juno wil...   Jun 6 2005, 05:26 PM
- - Chmee   Hopefully Juno wont have an umbrella style high ga...   Jun 2 2005, 03:03 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Well, the Decadal Survey recommended -- and the ne...   Jun 3 2005, 01:17 AM
|- - Gsnorgathon   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 3 2005, 01:17 AM)......   Jun 3 2005, 02:16 AM
|- - Redstone   QUOTE (Gsnorgathon @ Jun 3 2005, 02:16 AM)Are...   Jun 3 2005, 02:32 PM
|- - Gsnorgathon   QUOTE (Redstone @ Jun 3 2005, 02:32 PM)... if...   Jun 3 2005, 09:58 PM
|- - garybeau   QUOTE The Jupiter icy moons' orbiter mission w...   Jun 4 2005, 12:18 PM
|- - tedstryk   I don't think getting to Europa is the biggest...   Jun 4 2005, 12:27 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Jason is likely to be disappointed if he thinks of...   Jun 3 2005, 01:21 AM
|- - volcanopele   I never thought it would actually flyby Io, given ...   Jun 3 2005, 01:35 AM
|- - um3k   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 2 2005, 09:21 PM)it ...   Jun 4 2005, 02:38 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   BESIDES all that, there was one other major proble...   Jun 3 2005, 10:57 PM
- - edstrick   The Juno instrument selection looks quite "re...   Jun 4 2005, 09:04 AM
- - edstrick   Most of the P.R. talk on crashing Galileo into Jup...   Jun 5 2005, 01:56 AM
- - Decepticon   QUOTE ALL THESE WORLDS ARE YOURS EXCEPT EUROPA ATT...   Jun 5 2005, 03:29 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   I don't think the crashing of Galileo to ...   Jun 5 2005, 06:23 AM
|- - dvandorn   The other real difference between potential Martia...   Jun 5 2005, 09:30 AM
|- - garybeau   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 5 2005, 01:23 AM)Tha...   Jun 6 2005, 12:55 AM
|- - JRehling   Three miscellaneous comments for this thread, from...   Jun 6 2005, 01:30 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   QUOTE (edstrick @ Jun 5 2005, 01:56 AM)Most o...   Jun 5 2005, 06:32 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   While the new Solar System Roadmap (or, rather its...   Jun 5 2005, 06:53 AM
|- - tedstryk   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 5 2005, 06:53 AM)But...   Jun 5 2005, 10:35 AM
|- - Stephen   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 5 2005, 06:53 AM)But...   Jun 8 2005, 09:52 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   QUOTE (edstrick @ Jun 4 2005, 09:04 AM)The Ju...   Jun 5 2005, 07:09 AM
|- - tedstryk   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 5 2005, 07:09 AM)...   Jun 5 2005, 10:32 AM
- - Redstone   QUOTE (garybeau @ Jun 4 2005, 12:18 PM)The or...   Jun 6 2005, 02:17 AM
|- - Bob Shaw   Some comments on life on Mars (and elsewhere) and ...   Jun 6 2005, 01:58 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Yeah, it will be -- which will certainly interfere...   Jun 6 2005, 07:27 PM
- - Myran   dvandorn wrote: "I think the most boring thi...   Jun 8 2005, 12:12 PM
|- - JRehling   QUOTE (Myran @ Jun 8 2005, 05:12 AM)As for sa...   Jun 8 2005, 04:47 PM
- - Decepticon   They are sending a Probe to Jupiter and according ...   Jun 10 2005, 02:03 AM
|- - JRehling   QUOTE (Decepticon @ Jun 9 2005, 07:03 PM)They...   Jun 10 2005, 04:30 PM
|- - tedstryk   Another factor to consider is that a decent Europa...   Jun 10 2005, 04:55 PM
- - Gsnorgathon   FWIW, a wee writeup at Astrobio.net, and the ever-...   Jun 10 2005, 05:30 AM
- - edstrick   Part of the problem is that *any* Europa orbiter m...   Jun 11 2005, 12:16 AM
|- - Decepticon   Even with Galileo type flybys would make me happy....   Jun 11 2005, 02:37 AM
- - Phil Stooke   Ted, I missed your Amalthea images until just now ...   Jun 11 2005, 03:21 AM
|- - tedstryk   QUOTE (Phil Stooke @ Jun 11 2005, 03:21 AM)Te...   Jun 11 2005, 03:30 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   Juno's orbit will go from only 4500 km above J...   Jun 11 2005, 09:04 PM
|- - MiniTES   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 11 2005, 09:04 PM)Ju...   Jun 15 2005, 02:51 PM
- - Phil Stooke   Spinning doesn't have to mean Pioneer 10-class...   Jun 15 2005, 03:28 PM
- - Decepticon   Can Juno at least take Movie like animations of th...   Jun 15 2005, 08:17 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   According to the Space.com article, it will indeed...   Jun 15 2005, 10:17 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   "...rathern using a filter wheel" is rea...   Jun 15 2005, 10:19 PM
- - Sunspot   Oh... thats a shame, I guess we probably wont ever...   Jun 15 2005, 10:46 PM
- - Phil Stooke   Actually we will see some good stuff in 2007 from ...   Jun 15 2005, 11:26 PM
- - edstrick   Why is it spinning? Field and Particles instrument...   Jun 15 2005, 11:27 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Fear not! We WILL see excellent images of Jup...   Jun 16 2005, 02:26 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   Footnote: the reason that the radiation dose for a...   Jun 16 2005, 02:38 AM
|- - MiniTES   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 16 2005, 02:38 AM)Fo...   Jun 16 2005, 05:20 PM
|- - djellison   QUOTE (MiniTES @ Jun 16 2005, 05:20 PM)How th...   Jun 16 2005, 06:25 PM
- - edstrick   And.... It's moving perpendicular to the belts...   Jun 16 2005, 05:43 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   It would be more accurate to say that they intend ...   Jun 16 2005, 07:44 AM
- - Analyst   Bruce, I want your optimism when it comes to futur...   Jun 16 2005, 12:34 PM
|- - JRehling   QUOTE (Analyst @ Jun 16 2005, 05:34 AM)Bruce,...   Jun 16 2005, 01:53 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Yup -- they've had solar panels planned for a ...   Jun 17 2005, 12:08 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   QUOTE (Analyst @ Jun 16 2005, 12:34 PM)Bruce,...   Jun 17 2005, 12:21 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   You'll notice that I HAVE backtracked from the...   Jun 17 2005, 12:25 AM
|- - vjkane2000   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 16 2005, 05:25 PM)Yo...   Jun 17 2005, 02:55 AM
|- - JRehling   QUOTE (vjkane2000 @ Jun 16 2005, 07:55 PM)The...   Jun 17 2005, 04:19 PM
|- - vjkane2000   QUOTE (JRehling @ Jun 17 2005, 09:19 AM)A dif...   Jun 17 2005, 05:23 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   It's a possibility -- but I suspect you're...   Jun 17 2005, 07:17 AM
|- - gpurcell   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 17 2005, 07:17 AM)In...   Jun 17 2005, 07:39 PM
- - edstrick   You really *do* want a very high power telescopic ...   Jun 17 2005, 07:22 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   Turns out I misread that white paper -- Europa Orb...   Jun 17 2005, 07:22 AM
- - vjkane2000   Cost is, of course, a major issue for any Jupiter ...   Jun 17 2005, 02:00 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Damned if I know, especially with this president -...   Jun 19 2005, 10:29 PM
|- - Bob Shaw   Bruce: Are you talking about the Hubble II comple...   Jun 19 2005, 10:47 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   As for Van Kane's comments on the "Io Obs...   Jun 19 2005, 10:58 PM
|- - JRehling   Imagine the way Halley's Comet's orbi...   Jun 20 2005, 01:25 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   "Are you talking about the Hubble II complete...   Jun 19 2005, 11:54 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   (1) "Imagine the way Halley's Comet...   Jun 20 2005, 02:55 AM
|- - JRehling   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 19 2005, 07:55 PM)Ah...   Jun 20 2005, 08:55 PM
- - gpurcell   I've always thought that the best deorbit miss...   Jun 20 2005, 03:09 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Actually, there are a hell of a lot of things they...   Jun 21 2005, 12:31 PM
|- - JRehling   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 21 2005, 05:31 AM)Ac...   Jun 21 2005, 03:31 PM
|- - vjkane2000   QUOTE (JRehling @ Jun 21 2005, 08:31 AM)Indee...   Jun 22 2005, 09:10 AM
- - BruceMoomaw   Well, keep in mind that Cassini's 45 close fly...   Jun 22 2005, 10:52 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   The presentations from the June OPAG meeting are n...   Jun 29 2005, 06:02 PM
|- - imran   Thanks for the links, Bruce. I am surprised too t...   Jun 29 2005, 08:37 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   This hardly means that they're not considering...   Jun 29 2005, 10:28 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   And, for one recent JPL study of a Titan aerobot m...   Jun 29 2005, 10:31 PM
|- - JRehling   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 29 2005, 03:31 PM)An...   Jun 30 2005, 05:20 PM
- - BruceMoomaw   Actually, we DO need more surface observation poin...   Jun 30 2005, 06:50 PM
- - tedstryk   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 30 2005, 06:50 PM)Ac...   Jun 30 2005, 06:58 PM
- - JRehling   QUOTE (BruceMoomaw @ Jun 30 2005, 11:50 AM)Ac...   Jun 30 2005, 07:15 PM
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